Babylon: Ingantaccen Tsaron Proof-of-Stake ta hanyar Sake Amfani da Haɗin Ma'adinan Bitcoin

Table of Contents

• 1 Gabatarwa
  • 1.1 Daga Proof-of-Work zuwa Proof-of-Stake
  • 1.2 Matsalolin Tsaro na Proof-of-Stake
• 2 Ayyukan da suka shafi
• 3 Tsarin Babylon
  • 3.1 Haɗa Ma'adinai tare da Bitcoin
  • 3.2 Sabis na Alamar Lokaci
• 4 Binciken Tsaro
  • 4.1 Sakamako mara kyau ga PoS mai tsabta
  • 4.2 Ka'idar Tsaron Tattalin Arziki na Sirri
• 5 Sakamakon Gwaji
• 6 Tsarin Fasaha
• 7 Aikace-aikacen Gaba
• 8 Nassoshi
• 9 Bincike na Asali

1 Gabatarwa

Babylon yana magance iyakokin tsaro na asali a cikin sarƙoƙin Proof-of-Stake (PoS) ta hanyar sake amfani da babban ƙarfin haɗin Bitcoin. Wannan ingantacciyar hanya tana haɗa tsaron Bitcoin tare da ingantaccen aiki na PoS yayin da ake kiyaye ƙarin amfani da kuzari sifili.

1.1 Daga Proof-of-Work zuwa Proof-of-Stake

Tsaron Bitcoin yana fitowa daga kusan $1.4 \times 10^{21}$ hashes a kowace daƙiƙa lissafi, amma a farashin kuzari mai yawa. Sarƙoƙin PoS kamar Ethereum 2.0, Cardano, da Cosmos suna ba da ingantaccen amfani da kuzari da kuma abin dogaro ta hanyar yanke hannun jari, amma suna fuskantar ƙalubalen tsaro na asali.

1.2 Matsalolin Tsaro na Proof-of-Stake

Ka'idojin PoS suna fama da hare-haren nesa waɗanda ba za a iya yanke su ba, raunin tauye hakki, da matsalolin farawa. Babban iyaka: babu wata ka'idar PoS mai tsabta da za ta iya samar da lafiya mai yankewa ba tare da zato na amincewar waje ba.

2 Ayyukan da suka shafi

Hanyoyin da suka gabata sun haɗa da tabbatar da yarjejeniyar jama'a, dogon lokutan kulle hannun jari, da kuma mafita daban-daban na sirri. Duk da haka, waɗannan ko dai suna rage yawan kuɗi ko kuma suna gabatar da sabbin zato na amincewa.

3 Tsarin Babylon

Babylon yana ƙirƙirar alaƙar haɗin kai tsakanin ma'adinan Bitcoin da tsaron PoS ta hanyar haɗa ma'adinai da hanyoyin sanya alamar lokaci na ƙira.

3.1 Haɗa Ma'adinai tare da Bitcoin

Ma'adinan Babylon a lokaci guda suna haƙa tubalan Bitcoin da wuraren duba na Babylon ta amfani da aikin lissafi iri ɗaya. Tsarin tsaro yana amfani da ƙarfin haɗin da ake da shi na Bitcoin ba tare da ƙarin kashe kuzari ba.

3.2 Sabis na Alamar Lokaci

Sarƙoƙin PoS suna sanya alamun lokaci akan wuraren dubawa, hujjojin zamba, da ma'amaloli da aka tauye a kan Babylon. Ka'idar sanya alamar lokaci tana amfani da alkawurran sirri: $C = H(block\_header || nonce)$ inda $H$ aikin hash ne na sirri.

4 Binciken Tsaro

4.1 Sakamako mara kyau ga PoS mai tsabta

Ka'ida: Babu wata ka'idar PoS mai tsabta da za ta iya cimma lafiyar da za a iya yankewa a kan hare-haren nesa ba tare da zato na amincewar waje ba. Zanen hujja ya dogara da ikon samun tsoffin kuɗaɗen da aka ragu don dalilan kai hari.

4.2 Ka'idar Tsaron Tattalin Arziki na Sirri

Babylon yana ba da garanti na lafiyar da za a iya yankewa ta hanyar gadon tsaro daga Bitcoin. Ma'aunin tsaro $\lambda$ yana auna tare da wahalar da Bitcoin ta tara: $Security \propto \sum_{i=1}^{n} D_i$ inda $D_i$ wahalar toshe Bitcoin ce $i$.

5 Sakamakon Gwaji

Simulations sun nuna sarƙoƙin PoS da aka haɓaka da Babylon sun cimma kashi 99.9% na aminci a kan hare-haren nesa idan aka kwatanta da kashi 65% na PoS mai tsabta a ƙarƙashin yanayin tattalin arziki iri ɗaya. Jinkirin sanya alamar lokaci ya kasance ƙasa da mintuna 30 yayin da yake ba da tsaron matakin Bitcoin.

6 Tsarin Fasaha

Misalin Tsarin Bincike: Yi la'akari da sarkar PoS tare da $10M jimlar hannun jari. Mai kai hari zai iya samun tsoffin kuɗaɗen da suka kai $100K don kai hari mai nisa. Tare da Babylon, dole ne mai kai hari ya shawo kan kayan aikin ma'adinan Bitcoin na $20B, wanda hakan ya sa hare-haren su zama marasa yuwuwa a fannin tattalin arziki.

Ginshiƙin Lissafi: Hujjar tsaro tana amfani da samfuran wasan kawo inda ribar mai kai hari dole ne ta gamsar: $Profit = Attack\_Value - (Stake\_Loss + Mining\_Cost) < 0$

7 Aikace-aikacen Gaba

Babylon yana ba da damar sadarwa mai tsaro tsakanin sarƙoƙi, rage lokutan kulle hannun jari daga kwanaki 21 zuwa sa'o'i, da sabbin tsarin tattalin arziki na sarƙoƙin PoS. Aikace-aikacen sun haɗa da kuɗin jama'a, canja wurin kadarori tsakanin sarƙoƙi, da kuma mafita na sarƙoƙin kamfani.

8 Nassoshi

1. Buterin, V., & Griffith, V. (2019). Casper the Friendly Finality Gadget.
2. Kwon, J. (2014). Tendermint: Consensus without Mining.
3. Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System.
4. Buterin, V. (2021). Why Proof of Stake.
5. Buchman, E. (2016). Tendermint: Byzantine Fault Tolerance in the Age of Blockchains.

9 Bincike na Asali

Hankali na Asali: Hazakar Babylon ta ta'allaka ne a fahimtar cewa tsaron Bitcoin ba wai kawai game da ka'idar ba ne—yana game da kayan aikin $20B+ na musamman waɗanda aka riga aka biya kuma suna aiki. Wannan ba ci gaba ba ne; cinikin gine-gine ne wanda zai iya sake fassara yadda muke tunanin tarin tsaron sarƙoƙin.

Kwararar Ma'ana: Takardar a tsanake ta wargaza tatsuniya na tsaron PoS mai tsabta, kamar yadda takardar CycleGAN ta fallasa iyakoki na asali a fassarar hoto mara kulawa. Ta hanyar tabbatar da cewa babu wani PoS mai tsabta da zai iya cimma lafiyar da za a iya yankewa ba tare da zato na waje ba, marubutan sun ƙirƙiri ingantaccen tushe don mafita mai gauraye. Ƙwararrun lissafi suna tuna mini da takardun Bitcoin na farko—babu kawar hannu, kawai hujjojin sirri da kuma ƙarfafa tattalin arziki daidai da ingantaccen aiki.

Ƙarfi & Kurakurai: Shawarar sifili-ƙarin-kuzari kyakkyawan matsayi ne na kasuwa, amma ina shakka game da jinkirin sanya alamar lokaci. Mintuna talatin na iya zama abin karɓa don sanya alamar duba, amma yana da sanyi ga aikace-aikacen DeFi na ainihi. Dogaro ga rinjayen ma'adinan Bitcoin duka ƙarfi ne da kuma rauni—idan Bitcoin ya koma PoS (kamar yadda Ethereum ya yi), duk tsayayyen kimar Babylon ta rushe. Duk da haka, ka'idar tsaron tattalin arziki na sirri tana wakiltar ingantacciyar ƙira, kwatankwacin tunanin ci gaba da muka gani a cikin takardar Tendermint ta asali.

Bayani mai Aiki: Ga sarƙoƙin PoS da ke fama da cinikin tsaro-yawan kuɗi, Babylon yana ba da agaji nan take—za su iya rage lokutan kulle hannun jari daga makonni zuwa sa'o'i yayin da a haƙiƙa suke inganta tsaro. Ga masu son Bitcoin, wannan yana wakiltar sabon kudin shiga ba tare da ƙarin farashin kuzari ba. Aikace-aikacen da ya fi ban sha'awa zai iya zama a cikin gadoji tsakanin sarƙoƙi, inda sanya alamar lokaci na Babylon zai iya hana irin ɓarnar da ta addabi ayyuka kamar Wormhole da Poly Network. Wannan ba binciken ilimi ba ne kawai—shi ne tsarin gine-ginen sarƙoƙin zamani na gaba.